Lesson 94: Making 10 combinations

🧮 MATH (40 Lessons) • 🔵 B. Addition and Subtraction

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Objective

I can find two numbers that make 10. I can use counters, a ten-frame, or a number bond to show my thinking and write an addition sentence.

Materials

Mini-lesson — All the ways to make 10

The number 10 can be made from two parts. Each pair of parts is a combination (or a number bond) to 10.

Using a ten-frame

  • A ten-frame has 10 boxes (2 rows of 5).
  • When all the boxes are filled, it shows 10.
  • If some boxes are filled and some are empty, we see how many and how many more.

Example: 3 and 7 make 10

  • Put 3 counters in the ten-frame.
  • Count how many boxes are empty. There are 7 empty boxes.
  • So 3 + 7 = 10. We can say "3 and 7 make 10".

Other ways to make 10

  • 1 + 9 = 10
  • 2 + 8 = 10
  • 4 + 6 = 10
  • 5 + 5 = 10

Number bonds to 10

  • We can draw a whole-part diagram.
  • Put 10 at the top (the whole).
  • Put the two parts at the bottom (for example 4 and 6).
  • Read it as "4 and 6 are parts of 10".

In this lesson, we will find all the pairs that make 10 and use them to help with adding and subtracting within 20.

Picture strip: Ten-frame and number bond for 10

Ten-frame — 3 and 7

Number bond to 10

Guided Practice — Build and record ways to make 10

You will use counters and a ten-frame to find different pairs that make 10. Then you will use the tracing pad to write important number bond words.

  1. Start with 10 counters: Fill the whole ten-frame. Talk about how it shows 10.
  2. Make a pair: Slide some counters to one side. For example, put 2 counters on the left and 8 counters on the right.
  3. Say the combination: Say "2 and 8 make 10". Write 2 + 8 = 10 in your notebook.
  4. Repeat with new pairs: Try 1 and 9, 3 and 7, 4 and 6, and 5 and 5. Record each as an addition sentence.
  5. Draw number bonds: For one combination, like 3 and 7, draw a whole-part diagram with 10 at the top and 3 and 7 at the bottom.
  6. Find the missing partner: If you know one part (for example 4), ask "What goes with 4 to make 10?" Use counters or your ten-frame to find the missing number.
  7. Use the tracing pad: Trace words like ten, part, whole, or make 10. You can also trace a pair of numbers, such as 4 and 6.
Tracing Pad
Tracing snapshot for print
Tip: After you trace your words, write one short sentence, such as "Many pairs of numbers can make 10." Draw a tiny ten-frame or number bond to match your sentence.

Practice 1 — Make 10 with counters

[PLACEHOLDER PRACTICE 1]

Practice 2 — Ten-frames and missing partners

[PLACEHOLDER PRACTICE 2]

Practice 3 — Number bonds and addition sentences

[PLACEHOLDER PRACTICE 3]

Quick Check — Making 10 combinations

Answer each question about making 10. You may use counters or draw a ten-frame to help you.

1) What does it mean to make 10?

Making 10 means finding two numbers that add up to 10.

2) Which pair makes 10?

1 + 9 = 10.

3) Which equation shows a way to make 10?

2 and 8 are partners that make 10.

4) A ten-frame shows 4 counters and 6 empty boxes. Which sentence matches the picture?

4 filled and 6 empty boxes show 4 + 6 = 10.

5) Which pair is not a way to make 10?

3 + 8 = 11, so it does not make 10.

6) 7 and which number make 10?

7 + 3 = 10, so 3 is the missing partner.

7) 9 and which number make 10?

9 + 1 = 10, so 1 is the missing partner.

8) 6 and which number make 10?

6 + 4 = 10, so 4 is the partner.

9) Which picture best shows a way to make 10?

2 filled and 8 empty boxes show a 2 and 8 combination to make 10.

10) Which pair is another way to say "5 and 5 make 10"?

5 + 5 = 10 is the addition sentence for that combination.

11) Why are making 10 facts helpful?

Knowing partners of 10 helps us with many addition and subtraction problems.

12) A number bond shows 10 at the top and 2 at the bottom on one side. What number should go on the other side?

2 + 8 = 10, so 8 is the missing part.

13) Which sentence is true?

3 + 7 = 10, so they are a correct pair.

14) A student says: "I saw 6 counters on the ten-frame and 4 empty boxes, so 6 and 4 make 10." What did they use to help them?

They used the ten-frame picture to see the two parts of 10.

15) You know that 8 and 2 make 10. Which problem could you solve more quickly using this fact?

8 + 2 is exactly the making-10 fact you already know.

Assessment (parent/teacher)

Exit ticket (student)

Next time I will practise…

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