Write Topic Sentences and Transitions

A paragraph is a small team of sentences working on one idea. The captain of that team is the topic sentence — usually the first sentence — and its job is to tell the reader exactly what the paragraph will be about. Every other sentence either gives a detail, an example, or a reason that supports the captain. When you move from one paragraph to the next, transition words act like bridges that show the reader how the ideas are connected.

What a Topic Sentence Does

• States the main idea of the paragraph in one clear sentence.
• Comes first most of the time, so the reader knows what to expect.
• Stays focused — one paragraph, one topic sentence, one idea.
• Sets up the supporting details that follow.

Building a Unified Paragraph

1. Write a topic sentence that names the main idea.
2. Add two to four supporting details — facts, examples, or reasons.
3. Cut any sentence that does not connect to the topic sentence.
4. Finish with a closing sentence that wraps up the idea.

Four Kinds of Transitions

• Addition — also, furthermore, in addition. Use when you are adding another idea of the same kind.
• Contrast — however, on the other hand, although. Use when the next idea points the opposite way.
• Cause and effect — therefore, as a result, because. Use when one idea makes another happen.
• Sequence — first, next, finally. Use when ideas happen in a clear order.