Grade 5 · Social Studies · Lesson 19

Supply and demand (basics)

Why does the same toy cost $20 in November and $40 the week before Christmas? Why are fresh strawberries cheap in June and expensive in January? The answer is the same in every shop, every market, every country: SUPPLY and DEMAND. These two forces decide how high or low a price goes — and once you understand the simple rule, you can predict price changes almost like a scientist.

What this lesson teaches

1Define supply and demand in your own words
2Predict price changes from a real-life scenario
3Sort scenarios by whether supply or demand is changing
4Explain how price helps balance supply and demand

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